Search Repository Universitas Baiturrahim

Anemia adalah kondisi ketika kadar hemoglobin dalam darah lebih rendah dari
normal sehingga kemampuan sel darah merah mengangkut oksigen menurun.
Remaja putri rentan karena berada pada masa pertumbuhan pesat, kebutuhan zat
besi tinggi, dan mengalami menstruasi rutin. Kehilangan darah berlebih saat
menstruasi dapat memperburuk defisiensi zat besi, sehingga lama menstruasi
menjadi faktor penting terhadap kejadian anemia. Status gizi juga berperan karena
zat besi dibutuhkan dalam pembentukan hemoglobin. Status gizi adalah keadaan
tubuh akibat keseimbangan antara asupan dan kebutuhan gizi, sedangkan lama
menstruasi normalnya berlangsung 37 hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui
hubungan status gizi dan lama menstruasi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja
putri di Pondok Pesantren Minhajul Muttaqin Desa Harjomulyo Jaya Tahun 2025.
Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional.
Populasi berjumlah 122 remaja putri, sampel 54 responden dipilih menggunakan
proportional stratified random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran
antropometri (IMT/U), kuesioner lama menstruasi, serta pemeriksaan hemoglobin
dengan alat digital Easy Touch. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat
menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar
responden memiliki status gizi normal (70,4%), lama menstruasi normal (55,6%),
dan tidak anemia (57,4%), sedangkan anemia ditemukan pada 42,6%. Uji ChiSquare menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara status gizi dengan anemia
(p=0,039) serta antara lama menstruasi dengan anemia (p=0,018). Artinya, remaja
putri dengan status gizi tidak normal dan lama menstruasi tidak normal memiliki
risiko lebih tinggi mengalami anemia. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat
hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dan lama menstruasi dengan kejadian
anemia. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar upaya pencegahan anemia melalui
edukasi gizi, pemantauan status gizi berkala, serta penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi
terkait pola menstruasi pada remaja putri.

Anemia is a condition where the hemoglobin level in the blood is lower than normal, which leads to a reduced capacity of red blood cells to transport oxygen. Adolescent girls are susceptible because they are in a period of rapid growth, have high iron requirements, and experience menarche (menstruation). Excessive blood loss during menstruation can worsen iron deficiency, making the duration of menstruation an important factor contributing to the incidence of anemia. Nutritional status also plays a role because iron is needed to form blood. Abnormal nutritional status is the body's condition resulting from the imbalance between nutrient intake and requirements, while the normal duration of menstruation is typically 3-7 days. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and duration of menstruation with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at Minhajul Muttaqin Islamic Boarding School, Harjomulyo Jaya Village in 2025. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 132 adolescent girls, and a sample of 54 respondents was selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements (BMI/Age), a questionnaire on the duration of menstruation, and hemoglobin examination using a digital Easy Touch device. Analysis was conducted univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test. The results showed that most respondents had normal nutritional status (70.4%), normal duration of menstruation (55.6%), and were non-anemic (57.4%) while anemia was found 42.6%. The Chi-square test indicated a significant relationship between nutritional status and anemia (p=0.039) and between the duration of menstruation and anemia (p=0.015). This means that adolescent girls with abnormal nutritional status and abnormal duration of menstruation have a higher risk of experiencing anemia. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the duration of menstruation with the incidence of anemia. This research is expected to serve as a basis for anemia prevention efforts through nutrition education, periodic monitoring of nutritional status, and reproductive health counseling related to menstrual patterns in adolescent girls.