Search Repository Universitas Baiturrahim

Hospitalisasi berpotensi menimbulkan kecemasan pada anak usia prasekolah (36 tahun) akibat lingkungan asing, prosedur medis yang menyakitkan, dan perpisahan dari rutinitas harian. WHO mencatat 530 juta anak dirawat di rumah sakit pada tahun 2022, dengan 63% menunjukkan gejala trauma. Di Indonesia, lebih dari tiga perempat anak rawat inap mengalami dampak hospitalisasi sedang hingga berat. Studi di Provinsi Jambi mengonfirmasi mayoritas anak mengalami kecemasan sedang hingga berat selama perawatan. Terapi storytelling sebagai bagian dari atraumatic care dinilai efektif sebagai intervensi non-farmakologis untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Studi ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi efektivitas atraumatic care melalui terapi storytelling terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak usia prasekolah selama hospitalisasi. Metode scoping review dilakukan melalui Google Scholar dan PubMed menggunakan kata kunci storytelling, kecemasan, prasekolah, dan hospitalisasi, rentang tahun 20212025. Dari 286 artikel teridentifikasi, 6 memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan desain pre-eksperimental one group pretestposttest atau Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) pada anak usia 36 tahun. Keenam jurnal menerapkan bentuk storytelling yang beragam: boneka tangan berbasis budaya lokal (Lameky and Parinussa, 2025), buku dongeng lisan (Oktarini and Prima, 2024), video animasi YouTube Nussa dan Rara (Oktavianto et al., 2024), dongeng lisan bernilai pendidikan dan agama (Ramadhan, 2022), buku cerita bergambar bernilai positif (Sadiyah et al., 2024), serta storytelling lisan terstruktur dalam desain RCT (Abdi et al., 2025). Seluruh artikel menunjukkan penurunan kecemasan signifikan setelah terapi storytelling (p < 0,05; p = 0,001; 0,000; 0,001; 0,000; 0,001; 0,001). Sebelum intervensi sebagian besar anak berada pada kategori kecemasan sedang hingga berat; setelah intervensi bergeser ke kecemasan ringan hingga sedang. Studi RCT (Abdi et al., 2025) mengonfirmasi storytelling lebih efektif daripada play therapy (p < 0,001 dan p = 0,65). Usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat hospitalisasi, dan kesesuaian konten cerita dengan budaya lokal memengaruhi efektivitas intervensi. Terapi storytelling terbukti efektif sebagai intervensi atraumatic care non-farmakologis dalam menurunkan kecemasan anak usia prasekolah selama hospitalisasi dan direkomendasikan untuk diintegrasikan ke dalam protokol keperawatan anak di ruang rawat inap.

Hospitalization potentially causes anxiety in preschool-aged children (36 years) due to unfamiliar environments, painful medical procedures, and separation from daily routines. WHO recorded approximately 530 million children undergoing hospital treatment in 2022, with 63% exhibiting trauma symptoms. In Indonesia, more than three-quarters of hospitalized children experience moderate to severe impacts. Studies in Jambi Province confirmed the majority experienced moderate to severe anxiety during treatment. Storytelling therapy as part of atraumatic care is considered an effective non-pharmacological intervention to address this issue. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of atraumatic care through storytelling therapy on anxiety levels in preschool-aged children during hospitalization. A scoping review method was conducted via Google Scholar and PubMed using the keywords storytelling, anxiety, preschool, and hospitalization, covering publication years 20212025. Of 286 identified articles, 6 met the inclusion criteria with a preexperimental one group pretest-posttest or Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design involving children aged 36 years. The six journals applied diverse forms of storytelling: hand puppet storytelling based on local culture (Lameky and Parinussa, 2025), oral fairy tale books (Oktarini and Prima, 2024), YouTube animated video of Nussa and Rara (Oktavianto et al., 2024), oral storytelling with educational and religious content (Ramadhan, 2022), illustrated storybooks with positive values (Sadiyah et al., 2024), and structured oral storytelling in an RCT design (Abdi et al., 2025). All reviewed articles consistently demonstrated significant anxiety reduction following storytelling therapy (p < 0.05; p = 0.001; 0.000; 0.001; 0.000; 0.001; 0.001). Prior to intervention most children were in the moderate to severe anxiety category; after intervention a shift to mild to moderate anxiety was observed. An RCT by (Abdi et al., 2025) confirmed storytelling was more effective than play therapy (p < 0.001 and p = 0.65). Age, gender, hospitalization history, and cultural relevance of story content influenced effectiveness. Storytelling therapy is proven effective as a non pharmacological atraumatic care intervention in reducing anxiety in preschool-aged children during hospitalization and is recommended for integration into pediatric nursing protocols in inpatient wards.