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PENGGUNAAN BIRTH BALL DALAM MENURUNKAN

NYERI PERSALINAN KALA I

Vivin Andriajunika

ABSTRAK

Nyeri persalinan kala I merupakan kondisi fisiologis yang dialami ibu bersalin akibat kontraksi uterus dan dilatasi serviks. Nyeri yang tidak tertangani dengan baik dapat menimbulkan danmpak fisiologis maupun psikologis, memperpanjang proses persalinan, serta meningkatkan risiko komplikasi bagi ibu dan janin. Salah satu metode nonfarmakologis yang dinilai aman dan efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri persalinan adalah penggunaan birth ball. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan birth ball dalam menurunkan nyeri persalinan kala I melalui studi literatur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan mengumpulkan, menelaah, dan menganalisis berbagai jumal nasional maupun internasional serta artikel ilmiah yang relevan mengenai penggunaan birth ball pada ibu bersalin kala I fase aktif. Analisis dilakukan dengan menyintesis hasil penelitian terdahulu yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum penggunaan birth ball, sebagian besar ibu mengalami nyeri persalinan pada kategori sedang hingga berat. Setelah intervensi menggunakan birth ball, intensitas nyeri mengalami penurunan menjadi kategori sedang atau ringan. Seluruh artikel yang ditelaah menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan penggunaan birth hall terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan kala I dengan nilai p < 0.05. Efektivitas birth ball terjadi melalui peningkatan relaksasi otot. mobilisasi panggul, perbaikan posisi tubuh dan janin, pemberian efek distraksi, serta stimulasi pelepasan hormon endorfin sebagai analgesik alami. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan birth ball merupakan metode nonfarmakologis yang efektif. aman, dan mudah diterapkan untuk menurunkan nyeri persalinan kala 1 serta meningkatkan kenyamanan ibu selama proses persalinan.

Kata kunci: birth ball, nyeri persalinan, kala I persalinan, metode nonfarmakologis, literature review

THE USE OF A BIRTH BALL FOR REDUCING

LABOR PAIN DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR

Vivin Andriajunika

ABSTRACT

Labor pain during the first stage is a physiological condition experienced by women in labor, resulting from uterine contractions and cervical dilation. If not managed effectively, this pain can lead to adverse physiological and psychological consequences, prolong the labor process, and increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the fetus. One non-pharmacological method considered safe and effective for alleviating labor pain is the use of a birth ball. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using a birth ball in reducing labor pain during the first stage through a literature review. The research methodology involved collecting, examining, and analyzing various national and international journals, as well as relevant scientific articles, concerning the use of birth balls for women in the active phase of the first stage of labor. The analysis was conducted by synthesizing findings from previous studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review indicates that, prior to using a birth ball, most women experienced moderate to severe labor pain. Following the intervention with a birth ball, the intensity of the pain decreased to a moderate or mild level. All the articles reviewed demonstrate a significant effect of birth ball use on the reduction of labor pain during the first stage (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of the birth ball is attributed to enhanced muscle relaxation, pelvic mobilization, improved maternal and fetal positioning, a distraction effect, and the stimulation of endorphin release, which acts as a natural analgesic. Based on this literature review, it can be concluded that the use of a birth ball is an effective, safe, and easily implemented non-pharmacological method for reducing labor pain during the first stage and enhancing maternal comfort throughout the labor process.

Keywords: birth ball, labor pain, first stage of labor, non-pharmacological method, literature review