Search Repository Universitas Baiturrahim

Preeklamsia menyumbang proporsi signifikan terhadap kematian maternal,
terutama di negara berkembang. jumlah kasus Preeklampsia di Kota Jambi Tahun
2023 terbanyak adalah di Puskesmas Talang Bakung yaitu sebanyak 34 orang,
Puskesmas Koni sebanyak 4 orang dan Puskesmas olak Kemang sebanyak
20 orang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional.
Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan usia ibu hamil, paritas dan
kunjungan ANC dengan kejadian Preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kota
Jambi. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 13-17 Juni 2025. Populasi penelitian
adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang mengalami Preeklampsia di 3 data sekunder (rekam
medis) Puskesmas Kota Jambi tahun 2023 yaitu sebanyak 58 sampel, teknik
sampel dengan cara total sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah univariat dan
bivariat, uji yang digunakan adalah uji Chi- square. Sebagian besar (67,2%)
responden mengalami Preeklampsia ringan, lebih dari separuh (51,7%) responden
hamil di usia 20-35 tahun (tidak berisiko), sebagian besar (60,3%) responden
adalah paritas primipara, lebih dari separuh (56,9%) responden tidak patuh
melakukan kunjungan ANC. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia ibu hamil
(p= 0,000), paritas (p= 0,001), kunjungan ANC (p= 0,001) dengan kejadian
Preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kota Jambi. Puskesmas diharapkan
dapat memperkuat upaya promotif dan preventif dengan melaksanakan penyuluhan
rutin terkait faktor risiko preeklampsia, khususnya bagi ibu hamil dengan usia
berisiko dan primigravida. Tenaga kesehatan juga perlu meningkatkan pemantauan
pada kunjungan ANC serta memberikan edukasi lebih intensif mengenai
pentingnya pemeriksaan kehamilan secara teratur minimal enam kali selama
kehamilan (satu kali pada trimester I, dua kali pada trimester II, dan tiga kali pada
trimester III). Selain itu, pendekatan berbasis keluarga serta kegiatan kunjungan
rumah perlu dioptimalkan untuk menjangkau ibu hamil yang belum patuh terhadap
jadwal ANC.
Kata Kunci : Kunjungan ANC, paritas, preeklamsia, usia ibu hamil

Abstract
Preeclampsia contributes significantly to maternal mortality, particularly in developing countries. In 2023, the highest number of preeclampsia cases in Jambi City was reported at Talang Bakung Health Center (34 cases), followed by Olak Kemang Health Center (20 cases), and Koni Health Center (4 cases). This quantitative research employed a cross-sectional design. The study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal age, parity, and antenatal care (ANC) visits with the incidence of preeclampsia among pregnant women in health centers in Jambi City. The research was conducted from June 13 to 17, 2025. The population included all pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia in 2023 based on secondary data (medical records) from three health centers, totaling 58 respondents, selected using total sampling. The analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate tests, with the chi-square test used for hypothesis testing. The results showed that most respondents (67.2%) experienced mild preeclampsia, more than half (51.7%) were aged 2035 years (considered low-risk), the majority (60.3%) were primiparous, and over half (56.9%) did not adhere to recommended ANC visit schedules. There was a significant relationship between maternal age (p = 0.000), parity (p = 0.001), and ANC visits (p = 0.001) with the incidence of preeclampsia among pregnant women in the selected health centers. The community health center (Puskesmas) is expected to strengthen promotive and preventive efforts by conducting regular counseling on preeclampsia risk factors, particularly for pregnant women of high-risk age groups and primigravidas. Health workers also need to enhance monitoring during antenatal care (ANC) visits and provide more intensive education on the importance of attending at least six ANC check-ups throughout pregnancy (once in the first trimester, twice in the second trimester, and three times in the third trimester). In addition, family-based approaches and home visits should be optimized to reach pregnant women who are non-compliant with the recommended ANC schedule.

Keywords: ANC visits, parity, preeclampsia, maternal age