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GAMBARAN FAKTOR RISIKO DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE PADA
ANAK DI RUANG KENARI RUMAH SAKIT
DR. BRATANATA JAMBI
Ernidawati
ABSTRAK
Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang
masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia, termasuk di Provinsi
Jambi. Insiden DBD pada anak di Ruang Kenari Rumah Sakit Dr. Bratanata Jambi
mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam tiga tahun terakhir, sehingga perlu
dilakukan kajian mengenai faktor risiko yang memengaruhi tingginya angka
kejadian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko DBD
pada anak berdasarkan kebiasaan menggantung pakaian, keberadaan tanaman hias
di rumah, tindakan 4M Plus, dan kepadatan hunian. Penelitian dilakukan pada
JanuariAgustus 2025 dengan desain kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi adalah orang
tua anak dengan kasus DBD yang dirawat pada Januari 2025 sebanyak 36 orang,
sekaligus dijadikan sampel penelitian dengan teknik total sampling. Data
dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari separuh responden memiliki kebiasaan
menggantung pakaian (58,3%), sebagian besar memiliki tanaman hias di rumah
(66,7%), mayoritas tidak melakukan tindakan 4M Plus dengan baik (69,4%), serta
lebih dari separuh memiliki kepadatan hunian kategori padat (72,2%). Temuan ini
menunjukkan bahwa faktor perilaku dan lingkungan masih menjadi penyumbang
utama risiko DBD pada anak. Disarankan agar pihak rumah sakit, khususnya
penanggung jawab program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Menular
(P2PM), memperkuat kegiatan promosi kesehatan terkait pencegahan DBD, serta
meningkatkan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya penerapan tindakan
4M Plus secara konsisten di lingkungan rumah.
Kata kunci: anak, DBD, faktor risiko, lingkungan, pencegahan

DESCRIPTION OF RISK FACTORS OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC
FEVER IN CHILDREN IN THE KENARI WARD AT DR. BRATANATA
HOSPITAL JAMBI
Ernidawati
ABSTRACT
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the major infectious diseases that
remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, including in Jambi
Province. The incidence of DHF among children in the Kenari Ward of Dr.
Bratanata Hospital Jambi has shown a significant increase in the past three
years, highlighting the need to examine the risk factors influencing the high
prevalence. This study aimed to describe the risk factors of DHF in children
based on clothing-hanging habits, the presence of ornamental plants at home,
implementation of the 4M Plus action, and housing density. The study was
conducted from January to August 2025 using a descriptive quantitative design.
The population consisted of parents of children diagnosed with DHF and
hospitalized in January 2025, totaling 36 respondents, all of whom were included
in the sample using total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires
and analyzed univariately. The results showed that more than half of the
respondents had the habit of hanging clothes (58.3%), the majority kept
ornamental plants at home (66.7%), most did not properly carry out the 4M Plus
action (69.4%), and more than half lived in densely populated housing (72.2%).
These findings indicate that behavioral and environmental factors remain the
main contributors to the risk of DHF in children. It is recommended that the
hospital, particularly the person in charge of the Communicable Disease
Prevention and Control Program (P2PM), strengthen health promotion activities
related to dengue prevention and enhance public education on the importance of
consistently implementing the 4M Plus actions within the household environment.
Keywords: children, DHF, environmental health, prevention, risk factors