Search Repository Universitas Baiturrahim

Underweight pada balita merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang ditandai dengan
berat badan menurut umur (BB/U) berada di bawah standar normal sehingga dapat
menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Pendidikan dan pendapatan
orang tua merupakan karakteristik keluarga yang dapat memengaruhi pemenuhan
kebutuhan gizi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran
pendidikan orang tua dan pendapatan orang tua pada balita dengan kejadian
underweight di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Pinang Kota Jambi Tahun 2026.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Pinang Kota
Jambi pada bulan MaretJuli 2026 menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan
pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh balita
underweight di Kelurahan Kasang Jaya sebanyak 32 balita dengan sampel sebanyak
32 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data pendidikan
dan pendapatan orang tua diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan lembar
observasi, sedangkan status gizi balita ditentukan berdasarkan indikator berat badan
menurut umur (BB/U). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan disajikan dalam
bentuk distribusi frekuensi serta persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
sebagian besar ayah memiliki tingkat pendidikan rendah sebanyak 15 orang
(46,9%), sebagian besar ibu memiliki tingkat pendidikan rendah sebanyak 17 orang
(53,1%), dan sebagian besar orang tua memiliki pendapatan kategori menengah
sebanyak 17 orang (53,1%). Seluruh responden, yaitu 32 balita (100%), memiliki
status gizi underweight berdasarkan indikator BB/U. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan
menjadi dasar bagi tenaga kesehatan dalam menyusun program edukasi gizi,
meningkatkan pemantauan pertumbuhan balita, serta memperkuat upaya
pencegahan underweight melalui pemberdayaan keluarga.
Kata Kunci: Balita, Pendidikan Orang Tua, Pendapatan Orang Tua, Underweight,

Underweight among toddlers represents a nutritional issue characterized by weight for
age below the normal standard, which can impede child growth and development.
Parental education and income represent family characteristics that can influence the
fulfillment of toddler nutritional needs. This study aimed to determine the overview of
parental education and parental income among toddlers with underweight incidence in
the Working Area of Tanjung Pinang Public Health Center Jambi City in 2026. This
study was conducted in the Working Area of Tanjung Pinang Public Health Center
Jambi City from March to July 2026 using a descriptive design with a cross-sectional
approach. The population in this study comprised all underweight toddlers in Kasang
Jaya Urban Village totaling 32 toddlers, with a sample of 32 respondents selected using
a total sampling technique. Parental education and income data were obtained through
interviews utilizing observation sheets, whereas toddler nutritional status was
determined based on the weight for age index. Data analysis was conducted
univariately and presented in the form of frequency distributions and percentages. The
research results demonstrated that the majority of fathers possessed a low education
level accounting for 15 individuals representing 46.9 percent, the majority of mothers
possessed a low education level accounting for 17 individuals representing 53.1 percent,
and the majority of parents possessed middle category income accounting for 17
individuals representing 53.1 percent. All respondents, comprising 32 toddlers
representing 100 percent, possessed underweight nutritional status based on the weight
for age index. Results of this study are expected to serve as a basis for healthcare
providers in designing nutritional education programs, enhancing toddler growth
monitoring, and strengthening underweight prevention efforts through family
empowerment.
Keywords: parental education, parental income, toddlers, underweight.