Search Repository Universitas Baiturrahim

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) merupakan penyakit autoimun kronis yang menimbulkan nyeri, kekakuan, dan keterbatasan fungsi sendi sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Di UPTD Puskesmas Karya Mukti, evaluasi pelayanan pasien RA selama ini masih berfokus pada indikator klinis, sedangkan kualitas hidup belum pernah diukur secara terstruktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas hidup pasien RA di wilayah UPTD Puskesmas Karya Mukti Kecamatan Sinar Peninjauan Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret - April 2026. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien RA yang terdaftar dan aktif berobat sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling sehingga seluruh populasi dijadikan responden penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner WHOQOL-BREF versi Bahasa Indonesia yang mengukur empat domain kualitas hidup, yaitu domain fisik, psikologis, hubungan sosial, dan lingkungan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, persentase, rata-rata, dan standar deviasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden sebagian besar berjenis kelamin perempuan (63,3%), berusia 41 - 60 tahun (63,3%), berpendidikan SD (76,7%), bekerja sebagai petani (46,7%), dan menderita RA kurang dari 1 tahun (96,7%). Skor rata-rata domain fisik sebesar 72,98 (baik), domain psikologis 81,67 (sangat baik), domain hubungan sosial 70,28 (baik), dan domain lingkungan 71,88 (baik). Disimpulkan bahwa kualitas hidup pasien RA berada pada kategori baik pada domain fisik, hubungan sosial, dan lingkungan, serta sangat baik pada domain psikologis. Puskesmas disarankan mempertahankan dan memperkuat program PROLANIS yang holistik, meliputi manajemen nyeri, skrining kesehatan mental, penguatan dukungan keluarga dan kelompok sebaya, serta pendampingan akses jaminan kesehatan.

Kata Kunci: kualitas hidup, rheumatoid arthritis, WHOQOL-BREF, penyakit kronis, puskesmas.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint pain, stiffness, and functional limitation, which may reduce patients' quality of life. At Karya Mukti Primary Health Center, the evaluation of RA services has so far focused on clinical indicators, and quality of life has never been measured in a structured manner. This study aimed to describe the quality of life of RA patients in the working area of UPTD Karya Mukti Primary Health Center, Sinar Peninjauan District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. This study employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach and was conducted in March -April 2026. The study population consisted of all registered RA patients who were actively receiving treatment, totaling 30 patients. A total sampling technique was used, in which the entire population was included as research respondents. The instrument used was the Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, which measures four domains of quality of life, namely the physical, psychological, social relationships, and environmental domains. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis through frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation calculations. The results showed that most respondents were female (63.3%), aged 41 - 60 years (63.3%), had completed elementary school only (76.7%), worked as farmers (46.7%), and had lived with RA for less than one year (96.7%). The mean scores were 72.98 for the physical domain (good), 81.67 for the psychological domain (very good), 70.28 for the social relationships domain (good), and 71.88 for the environmental domain (good). It can be concluded that the quality of life of RA patients was good in the physical, social relationships, and environmental domains, and very good in the psychological domain. The health center is recommended to maintain and strengthen a holistic chronic disease management program (PROLANIS), including pain management, mental health screening, strengthened family and peer support, and assistance with access to health insurance.

Keywords: quality of life, rheumatoid arthritis, WHOQOL-BREF, chronic disease, primary health center.